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Together with Bertha von Suttner, A. H. Fried figures as the most outstanding personality of the Austrian and German peace-movement.
Born in Vienna in 1864 as a son of a merchant, A. H. Fried took up the profession of a bookseller and publisher. At the age of 18 he settled in Hamburg as an apprentice, and soon afterwards he moved to Berlin, where he lived until 1903. There, apart from his literary and journalistic activities - he wrote for a number of Viennese newspapers - he concentrated on his publishing firm, which he had established in 1887.
In 1899 Fried began with the editorship of the "Friedenswarte", the sole Geman-language peace journal whose articles ever found a wide international appreciation. At times, this periodical reached 10.000 subscriptions.
In 1903, Fried returned to Austria. In 1911, he was awarded, together with the Dutch international jurist Tobias A. C. Asser, with the Nobel Peace Price. The outbreak of the War in August 1914 compelled him to continue his efforts in a neutral country. he settled in Bern where - in cooperation with the International Peace Bureau - he edited the "Blätter für Internationale Verständigung und Zwischenstaatliche Organisation" (Papers for International Conciliation and Intergovernmental Organisation").
He returned to Vienna in 1920. Though still regarded as the most famous representative of the Peace Movement in Germany and in Austria he was not able to regain the undisputed position of the propagandist of peace which he had enjoyed during the two decades before the Great War. He died in May 1921.

The main functions of the Director were:

• to ensure the most effective use of the facilities of the UNOG;
• to exercise administrative authority over all members of the United Nations staff attached to UNOG;
• to represent the Secretary-General with the Swiss Federal Government and the local authorities at Geneva;
• to carry out such duties as may be specifically delegated to him from Headquarters.
  (Secretary General's Bulletin SGB/82 dated 1 July 1948)

The Director of UNOG reported directly to the Assistant Secretary-General in charge of Conference and General Services.
The Assistant Secretary-General in charge of Conference and General Services represented UNOG as a whole at Headquarters.
All communications to UNOG were channelled through Assistant Secretary-General in charge of Conference and General Services.
All correspondence from UNOG to Headquarters were forwarded to the Assistant Secretary-General in charge of Conference and General Services which was responsible for proper routing of these communications at Headquarters.
The Overseas Offices Division assisted the Assistant Secretary-General in charge of Conference and General Services in carrying out these tasks.
(Secretary General's Bulletin SGB/82 dated 1 July 1948)

But this situation presented problems concerning the authority of the Director vis-The main functions of the Director were:

• to ensure the most effective use of the facilities of the UNOG;
• to exercise administrative authority over all members of the United Nations staff attached to UNOG;
• to represent the Secretary-General with the Swiss Federal Government and the local authorities at Geneva;
• to carry out such duties as may be specifically delegated to him from Headquarters.
  (Secretary General's Bulletin SGB/82 dated 1 July 1948)

The Director of UNOG reported directly to the Assistant Secretary-General in charge of Conference and General Services.
The Assistant Secretary-General in charge of Conference and General Services represented UNOG as a whole at Headquarters.
All communications to UNOG were channelled through Assistant Secretary-General in charge of Conference and General Services.
All correspondence from UNOG to Headquarters were forwarded to the Assistant Secretary-General in charge of Conference and General Services which was responsible for proper routing of these communications at Headquarters.
The Overseas Offices Division assisted the Assistant Secretary-General in charge of Conference and General Services in carrying out these tasks.
(Secretary General's Bulletin SGB/82 dated 1 July 1948)

But this situation presented problems concerning the authority of the Director vis-à-vis both the units located in Geneva and the various departments at Headquarters.
In 1955, the report of the Survey Group addressed to the Secretary-General suggested that it would accord "to the Director a large measure of authority in respect of the substantive activities of the Office, and possibly provide also, in the field of administration, for a post of Deputy Under-Secretary" (Doc. A/3049, p. 3).

In 1959, the Director is called " Director of the European Office of the United Nations, Representing the Secretary-General " (Yearbook 1959, IC/Geneva/744 29 January 1960) before being denominated in 1960 "Under-Secretary, Director of the European Office of the United Nations" (IC/Geneva 789 27 December 1960).
As of 1 March 1960, the Director was named " Under-Secretary " (ST/SGB/123 1 March 1960).
From 1 January 1966, the position of UNOG Director was changed to Director-General of UNOG. The Deputy Director was changed to Assistant Director-General.(IC/ Geneva/1133)

UNOG Directors and Directors-General (1946-1973)

- 05-1946/09-1952: Wlodzimierz (Wladimir) Moderow (Poland), Director of the European Office of the United Nations, representing the Secretary-General (IC/Geneva/49 dated April 15th 1947) then European Office Director, European Office of the United Nations (Press Release No. 693 dated 2 February 1948)
- 04-1952/12-1957: Adriannus Pelt (Netherlands)
- 05-01-1958/30-6-1968:  Pier P. Spinelli (Italy)
- 27-06-1968/24-01-1978:  Vittorio Winspeare-Guicciardi (Italy)